Latinos in America Free Essays

What is an American? This is a troublesome inquiry to address, particularly concerning Latinos who just communicate in English. Numerous Latinos in the United States, look at language as a state of high debate. Some consider communicating in spanish a fundamental piece of being Latino , while others think of it as an obstruction that will forestall the osmosis into the American culture. We will compose a custom exposition test on Latinos in America or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Tanya Barrientos, in the same way as other different Latinos, grappled with this very issue as long as she can remember. Growing up as a Latina accompanied numerous generalizations, communicating in Spanish being one of the most negative attributes for Barrientos. As society changed its perspectives and figured out how to acknowledge this assorted variety in language, Barrientos figured out how to grasp her legacy. The genuine inquiry exists in her thinking for this adjustment in her recognition, yet was it for the correct reasons? What makes this nation extraordinary is that you can be both: A Spanish talking latino that is completely developed in American culture. Being American isn't about the language you talk yet about your goals and how they fit in the American lifestyle. Numerous Americans don’t understand that the decision in language isn't dictated by the individual however lies in the decision guardians or parental figures. This decision is one that will frequent people for the remainder of their lives. In Barrientos’ case, her folks concluded it would be best for her to just communicate in English. As Barrientos grew up, she grasped her folks decision, considered this to be a positive quality, one that separated her from most Latinas. She delighted in challenging desires. Since youth, she felt that communicating in Spanish meant been poor, holding less attractive occupations and separation towards the Latino people group. It is a direct result of this that she delighted in going to a government funded school that pulled in not many Latinos, she needed to remove herself from the rest. As she would like to think, not communicating in Spanish gave her an edge over different Latinos and permitted her to effectively fit into the American Anglo society. In her own words, it caused her to feel unrivaled and American. Society drove her to need to avoid her legacy and hold onto the mixture as a full fledge resident. Preference or generalizations ought not influence the manner in which you feel about your ulture or foundation. In the event that society is going to see you in a negative manner in light of the fact that the manner in which you look or where you originate from, they will do so paying little heed to what you do. This should make you grasp your legacy and invest wholeheartedly in what makes you one of a kind. This is particularly evident when it relates to language, which is something that can't be see by taking a gander at an individual. In Barrientos’ case it didn't bode well to decline a language when society would as of now see the generalization because of ethnicity. In her circumstance, not communicating in Spanish caused her to feel like as though society didn't see her as a Latina, when plainly by the remarks from school staff and in all likelihood other untold records, it didn’t have any kind of effect. To other people who didn't have any acquaintance with her, she was as yet a Latina, the same than the rest who were Spanish talking. She had next to no compassion or love for different latinos and held many negative perspectives on her own way of life. She attempted to separate herself from the Latino people group however much as could be expected, and succeeded. In a manner she had become what she was abstaining from, holding preference and obtained a sentiment of prevalence towards Spanish speaking Latinos. Barrientos was worried about mixing in with society, this implied being viewed as â€Å"white†. In her psyche white implied American, you were unable to be American in the event that you communicated in Spanish. As she puts it Spanish related you with the extreme considering Mexican-Americans or Afro-Americans. While developing yourself in the general public you live in is sure, cannot/denying your way of life isn't the most ideal approach to do it. She drove her way of life away on the grounds that it didn't have anything positive to give her, it would just bring her issues and disaster. Barrientos couldn't have cared less to try and be considered Latina. That is the thing that a childish, unreliable individual would do. It wasn’t until society see about Latinos and Spanish changed, that she began relating her way of life to something positive. When the acknowledgment that being Latino and communicating in Spanish was not a negative but rather a positive, she started to change. In her own words the time had come to invest wholeheartedly, yet as she puts it, it felt counterfeit, in light of the fact that in a way it was. It wasn’t until she had something to pick up, that she needed to fit in. It appears that is the general topic of her life, continually attempting to fit in, however just when its generally advantageous for her. This demeanor will never genuinely permit her to have a place. Considerably subsequent to attempting to learn Spanish, different Latinos notice that she was extraordinary. Her whole life she chipped away at setting up dividers among her and the Latino people group. She outcasted herself for such a long time and afterward thought that it was hard to associate with her own locale. I presume it was the language as well as her mentality and disposition also. In a general public as unpredictable as the one in the United States, understand that you can never fit in with the whole populace. On the off chance that you attempt to fit in with what others need, you lose a piece of your independence. It is additionally significant that during the time spent acclimatizing you don't wind up distancing others in your equivalent circumstance. Toward the day's end, you can not change the assumptions that accompany having a place with a particular ethnic gathering, however you can decide to grasp your way of life and appreciate that piece of your life while as yet rising in the American lifestyle. The most effective method to refer to Latinos in America, Papers

Organization for Economic Operation and Development

Question: Talk about the Organization for Economic Operation and Development. Answer: Presentation Rental value control is the approach of the administration fixing a top on the rental cost with the end goal that the house proprietors don't charge their occupants significant expense over the top cost. The administration is for the most part obliged to keep up an exclusive requirement of social government assistance which is lost when there is a climb in lodging costs (England, 2015). The motivation behind why the administration chooses to force a value top on lodging is on the grounds that in the present time frame the economy has encountered rental and property costs climbs (Pettinger, 2013). The administration is constantly terrified of value climbs as they speak to bubbles that in the end burst leaving the economy in an exceptionally awful circumstance. This paper will help in deciding if it is useful to force a rental value top or not. It will decide the triumphant party and the losing party; the gatherings included are the inhabitants and their landowners. It will tell whethe r the proprietors are pretty much liable to watch the arrangement. By and large it very well may be contended that, the proprietors would possibly watch the arrangement on the off chance that it were advantageous to them; if its not, they are bound to dismiss it and take part in other underground market business which would be progressively productive to them. The paper will give the essential point of forcing the top and decide if it is accomplished. The cost top burden is intended to build the lodging reasonableness. At significant expenses, the lower salary individuals can't bear the cost of and this issue is a worry to the legislature. To make some balance, the value top is forced at a reasonable cost. Accordingly, the top is fixed underneath the present balance point. Normally, without the value top, the excellent territories are set distinctly to individuals with a center salary or more (E.H, 2015). The lower pay bunch are compelled to move out numerous miles so as to locate a moderate house. The free market harmony point is at value Pe and amount requested is Qe. This is the significant expense that the administration is endeavoring to decrease through a value top. In this way the top is set at value Pc which is lower than Pe; it is the greatest lease to be charged for a leased property. At the lower value Pc, the moderateness of families goes up making an overabundance request at the present flexibly level (McKernan, 2011). The abundance request is the additional interest past amount Q1 which the providers are happy to flexibly at the lower cost = (Q2 Q1). The top outcomes in the decrease of the proprietors returns. At first the profits to the landowner was proportional to figure 0QeXPe; nonetheless, the new degree of income is identical to figure 0Q1YPc. So this is an unmistakable clear that the proprietors are the losing party. Riley (2012) contended that these impacts would cause a fall in the flexibly for investment properties causing the gracefully bend to move up as showed by the bolts. This is on the grounds that a few landowners wont be happy to keep providing at the lower cost and will consequently leave the lodging markets; (McKernan, 2011). This in this way implies a value top reason stuns to the lodging gracefully (Butler, 2016). Something else, the providers could misuse the purchasers surplus by charging the inhabitants some extra expenses by offering their homes at bootleg market lease (Pb). This lease is high and even over the underlying balance cost, however the amount provided is as yet equivalent to the costs tops flexibly level as appeared in the chart. This chance of the provider misusing the buyer surplus is sabotaging the viability of a rental value top. Inferable from the issues related with the value rental tops portrayed above (for example stunning of flexibly and the charging of a higher underground market lease), the goal of the administration to improve lodging moderateness isn't attainable. The high underground market lease is much more problematic than the present free market harmony cost. The incapability of this approach is cited by the announcement by German Institute for Economic Research that Price topping treats the side effects, not the malady, (Niewhner-Pape, 2014). It doesnt address the issue completely. The buyers who were expected to be the advantageously winds up being distraught. The lease control might be helpful in the present moment however unsafe in the long haul since the stunning of gracefully would result in undersupply of leased houses. Since support and overhauling of the houses may not get better returns for the proprietors, the top makes a disincentive for such improvement and the nature of houses disintegrates (OECD, 2010). Because of this decay, the occupants endure outer costs that are a negative externality from forcing the top. Lease controls is just relevant to investment properties and not to extravagance houses, in this manner, speculators will move from developing rental to extravagance houses to get away from the lease control. Riley (2012) contended that the augmentation in moderateness empowers numerous individuals to live without anyone else in this manner making a lack. Numerous youngsters live with their folks since they cannot bear to address higher rental costs; the lower cost may change this circumstance. Because of the deficiency of flexibly, the top outcomes in an open door cost of the expanded pursuit time (for example individuals set aside more effort to follow an empty house). The lease control doesn't improve the accessibility of value lodging and would be of most people groups desires. End The rental value top doesn't tackle the issue of climbing rental and condo costs; it even exacerbates it. The significant issue here is that market clearing can't be accomplished since it invigorates request however then again it stuns flexibly. The issues of allocative wastefulness despite everything exists and equity is unachievable. Since top lease is relied upon to proceed even over the long haul, the economy will be terrible off by at that point. The individuals who will possess the topped investment properties will keep getting a charge out of the advantages, yet shouldn't something be said about the group of people yet to come? The topped investment properties will be of no assistance to them as they will be completely involved and there will be a deficiency that will cost them beyond a reasonable doubt. The arrangement would possibly be successful if the legislature additionally thought of a strategy to animate gracefully at the top cost to enhance the rental top value approa ch. This would remember endowments for development of houses and even lower burdens on building developments. Else, the top alone can't improve lodging moderateness and subsequently it isn't serviceable. References Head servant, P. (2016). Advantage top on social lodging will leave thousands destitute, proprietors caution. The Guardian. Recovered 18 April 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/jan/26/advantage top on-social-lodging will-leave-thousands-destitute proprietors caution. E.H. (2015). Accomplish lease controls work? Economist.com. Recovered 17 April 2017, from https://www.economist.com/web journals/financial analyst clarifies/2015/08/market analyst clarifies 19. Britain, C. (2015). Here's Why a UK Rent Cap Could Make You Even Poorer. Vice.com. Recovered 18 April 2017, from https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/would-a-lease top really work-822. McKernan, S. (2011). Preclusions, Price Caps, and Disclosures: A Look at State Policies and Alternative Financial Product Use (first ed., pp. 8-10). DIANE Publishing. Niewhner-Pape, K. (2014). German Residential: Price top won't stop interest for houses. Realestate.ipe.com. Recovered 19 April 2017, from https://realestate.ipe.com/markets-/parts/private/german-private value top will-not-stop interest for-houses/10004261.fullarticle. Association for Economic Co-activity and Development (OECD). (2010). Paying for biodiversity: Enhancing the cost-adequacy of installments for environment administrations. Paris: OECD. Pettinger, T. (2013). Would a top on house costs work? Economicshelp.org. Recovered 18 April 2017, from https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/9140/financial matters/top house-costs work/. Riley, G. (2012). Unit 1 Micro: Revision on Maximum Rents in Housing. tutor2u. Recovered 18 April 2017, from https://www.tutor2u.net/financial matters/blog/unit-1-small scale amendment on-greatest rents-in-lodging.

Drugs Legalization and Its Results

Drugs Legalization and Its Results Drugs Legalization Mar 26, 2018 in Law Legalizing Drugs in Society The opponents of drugs legalization believe that the fight against drugs is yet to succeed in eradicating drugs from the society, though they appreciate that the effort is not in vain. While drug abuse has increased among different population cohorts in the last decade, it is still significantly lower than it was in the 1990s. Therefore, though the fight against narcotic substances has not been able to wipe drugs from the society, proponents believe, it has significantly influenced the drug use. According to William Bennett, an activist in struggle against abuse of drugs and other substances in the US, the concept of the fight should be revisited. He said that the concept behind the campaign against drugs has been a flaw. He argues that the most effective way of curbing the abuse of drugs is by making it possible for the drugs addicts to obtain drugs from some registered dealers. Those who hold similar opinion as William suggest that drugs from Mexico and the Caribbean should be allowed into the US market in a regulated system. According to Mike Royko, this system would sweep the junkies out of the gutter, and provide a relief to those who are fighting a losing battle against the narcotics. Similarly, Robert W., a federal judge, while supporting legalization of drugs, referred to the effort against drugs as a bankruptcy of ideas.

Evaluative argument Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Prof The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down; In Depth Review The story is about Lia Lee a Hmong child with epilepsy. To her family especially to her parents, her disease is not epilepsy but is considered as â€Å"quag dab peg† or the spirit catches you and you fall down which symptoms associated with epilepsy, an illness which considered by Hmong people with some distinction, where healing spirit enters the body (Chapter 3), while to her doctors her disease is epilepsy, a serious brain disorder and has no cure (Satischandra et al). Lia’s case was stuck in the middle of two different and clashing cultures; the former being a traditional and based on century old beliefs while the latter is more advanced and scientific. This made the Hmong child a victim of non compliant parents and not a cross cultural understanding or a septic shock. (Chapter 18) The spirit catches you and you fall down tells more about the Hmong people, their culture, their beliefs, their way of life before going to America. The book also tackles their long history dating back when Hmong are living in the river plains of north central China, what their ancestors did to their enemy and colonists (Chapter 2). We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluative argument or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page It explains their rich history understanding their reactions on various things medical. The author described in details their rituals, the importance of shaman in their society and the role they played not only in their lives and to their culture as a whole. The author also discussed the difference between the shaman and doctors and their misconception of Hmong people about them. It explains who they are as a society, how loyal they are with their culture and how they react and accept when it comes to new ideas and knowledge. It gives you the overview of the whole things, a greater understanding, a greater perspective, a greater respect on Hmong culture. Being in a foreign country, the author explains in her book the feeling of Lia’s parents, the language barrier, the cultural differences, the feeling of freeness in Laos, where you can do whatever you want (Chapter 8). The author tackles also in her the book the characteristics of Hmong parents, their high regards to their children and how they treat and care them.

Obedience to Authority Essays - 836 Words

The presence of an authoritative figure is present in nearly even human being’s life; along with this, is the expectation of obedience to that authority. Through this obedience, many great things have been accomplished, as well as many instances of cruel and immoral acts. Defiance of the established authority, though, has also lead to great things, such as the creation and founding of the United States of America. In his writing, Obedience to Authority, Stanley Milgram examines the obedience to authority without questioning or taking responsibility and the problems that lie in it. Going deeper into that problem, one should examine what, in society, is conditioning people to obey an authority, even when they do not believe in what they are†¦show more content†¦If a child does not clean their room, they may get a time-out, a physical punishment (i.e., spanking), or may not receive desert at supper. Alternatively, in adolescence, if a child is home late past their curfe w, they may be unable to go out for an entire week or cannot use their parent’s car. It is through this that they are taught defiance causes punishment; punishment is bad, so therefore defiance is bad. This basic model follows a person through the rest of their life: in school with teachers, at work with their boss, and in life in general with the government. People are conditioned to obey the respective authority, whether or not they agree with the orders given or the rules present. In almost every instance it is true that there are basic rules that go against what a person feels is right: â€Å"Why can’t I leave campus during lunch hour and go to McDonalds? The school food sucks!† or â€Å"Why should I only go 55 mph, there’s nobody else around and I’m in the middle of nowhere. It should at least be 65,† or â€Å"Why shouldn’t I be able to download music for free off the internet? Why should I pay $17 for a CD with only two good songs when I can download those two songs free! That’s not stealing! They are taught that defiance is bad, and the older a person gets, the more severe the repercussions of defiance become. At home, they are grounded, at school they are suspended or given detention, at work they may be fired, or if theyShow MoreRelatedObedience to Authority1250 Words   |  5 PagesObedience to Authority No human social organization can function without some degree of obedience to authority, as the alternative would be anarchy leading to total chaos. Hence we find some sort of a hierarchy in both the most underdeveloped and the most civilized societies where certain individuals exercise authority over others. Almost everyone will agree that some degree of authority in certain individuals or groups (and their obedience by other groups) is desirable for the proper functioningRead MoreObedience to Authority1260 Words   |  6 PagesObedience to Authority No human social organization can function without some degree of obedience to authority, as the alternative would be anarchy leading to total chaos. Hence we find some sort of a hierarchy in both the most underdeveloped and the most civilized societies where certain individuals exercise authority over others. Almost everyone will agree that some degree of authority in certain individuals or groups (and their obedience by other groups) is desirable for the properRead MoreEssay on Authority and Obedience2310 Words   |  10 PagesAuthority and Obedience Thesis: We consciously or unconsciously obey authority in all walks of life on a daily basis. Obedience is when there is legitimate power, there is pressure to comply. Compliance with that which is required by authority; subjection to rightful restraint or control. Authority being the legal or rightful power; a right to command or enforce obedience on another. This essay shall discuss, explore and evaluate the explanations as to why peopleRead MoreThe Problems Of Obedience And Authority1849 Words   |  8 PagesOctober 15, 2014 The Problems of Obedience to Authority People will do about anything to stay out of trouble when it comes to someone with authority that cannot be argued with. Stanley Milgram did an experiment on the topic of obedience to authority; he wanted to know how ordinary people could do horrible things if forced to by someone of authority. Obedience to authority is instinctual for human beings, there has and will always be someone with a higher authority than ourselves. How can normal,Read MoreObedience to Authority Essay1816 Words   |  8 PagesAuthority cannot exist without obedience. Society is built on this small, but important concept. Without authority and its required obedience, there would only be anarchy and chaos. But how much is too much, or too little? There is a fine line between following blindly and irrational refusal to obey those in a meaningful position of authority. Obedience to authority is a real and powerful force that should be understood and respected in order to handle each situation in the best possi ble manner.Read MoreEssay on Obedience to Authority574 Words   |  3 PagesObedience to Authority Today our society raises us to believe that obedience is good and disobedience is bad. We are taught that we should all do what we’re told and that the people that are disobedient are almost always bad people. Society tells us this, but it is not true. Most people will even be obedient to the point of causing harm to others, because to be disobedient requires the courage to be alone against authority. In Stanley Milgram’s Perils of Obedience experiment, his studiesRead MoreThe Blind Obedience And Authority1237 Words   |  5 PagesBlind Obedience to Authority Millions of people were killed in Nazi Germany in concentration camps however, Hitler wouldn’t have been able to kill them all, nor could just a handful of people. Obedience is when society influences where/ when an individual acts in response to a direct order from another individual, who is usually the authority figure. It is assumed that without such an order the person would not have acted in this way. In order to obey authority, the obeying person has to acceptRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Obedience And Authority Essay1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof â€Å"Obedience to Authority,† Milgram aptly points out that â€Å"some system of authority is a requirement of all communal living†(Milgram 1). This is a universal human truth. Authority is something that humanity, from the beginning of time, has consistently relied upon. Milgram argues that â€Å"obedience is the psychological mechanism that links individual action to political purpose† and that it is the â€Å"dispositional cement that binds men to systems of authority† (Milgram 1). I argue that obedience is asRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Obedience And Authority Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pages Part I: Research paper topic and outline Obedience to Authority Abbygale Javier [IT 150G, 14111; On-line; Elizabeth Rasnick; September 29, 2016] I. Introduction A. Motivation of this research There are little facts about the role of obedience up until now. Psychologists have been debating on factors that constitute obedience within an individual. For example, certain theories suggest that people do horrible actions only if they are ordered to do so. Research has shown that most people obey allRead MorePhysiological Evaluation : Obedience And Authority Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesPhysiological Evaluation: Obedience to Authority In 1963, physiologist Stanley Milgram brought to light the idea of Obedience to Authority. He was stimulated by the trial and execution of Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi war criminal who was put to death for the crimes he committed under Hitler’s authority (McLeod , Obedience to Authority, 2007). The objective of his research was centered on the question: â€Å"Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders? Could

Apple Marketing Mix Free Essays

Marketing Mix is the set of marketing tools that the firm uses to produce the response from its target market. Price, product, place and promotion are the 4 P’s that make up a marketing mix. Apple 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Apple Marketing Mix or any similar topic only for you Order Now Product – Apple’s key products are the iPhone, iPad, and the Mac line of personal computers. Steve Jobs has always maintained that first and foremost Apple is an industrial manufacturing firm with a mission to create innovative and compelling products that are unmatched in their visual appeal and intuitive nature. For apple, this is the most important P as they have the most of a product can offer and then the three other P’s simply fall after in their place. 2. Price – Apple has always been more worried about their product than their price, but they do have the advantage with its competitors with their previous successes with the iPad and iPhone. They have the leverage in materials, such as touch screens and flash memory, to help them keep the price staying lower than its competitors and it is obvious that Apple won’t be threatened any time soon. 3. Promotion – Apple’s commercials are instantly recognizable as they stick to the simplicity of their design which the layout of their product is featured on a white background, with catchy music playing in the background. Everything is visual, and visually plentiful, but not overpowering as some ads can be. Even their walk-in stores have the same simple design featuring nothing but their products and their own features. 4. Place – Apple has expanded its company to nearly all regions both big and small. Their iPods, iPads, and iPhones are just about any store that sells electronics these days. From hundreds of retail outlets to a great e-commerce website to even an app on their own, Apple’s products are just about as easy to buy as a pair of jeans. How to cite Apple Marketing Mix, Essay examples

Hatred of Islamic Government by the West

Question: Discuss about theHatred of Islamic Government by the West. Answer: Introduction The Middle East is one of the places where the Islamic group of people dominates the entire population. The government of the countries situated in that region is mostly of the Islam religion. The people vote for the governments to be of the same kind so that the political and the social interest of the subjects can be met successfully. The Islamic government has a primary mission of enforcing the sharias to perform the duties of ibada mainly and hisba. This gave four responsibilities to the government such as safeguarding the community from moral and physical threats, safeguarding the community against the schisms according to the ulama rulings. They have to enforce the rules of moral life that is present in the Quran with respect to the sharias and interpret the ulama rulings with the various law schools so that the laws can be fair and justified (Halliday, 2005). The Islamic government of the Middle East controls the entire world in terms of the crude oil exportation because of th e rich deposits that it has with respect to its petroleum. They control the exchange rates of the entire market. They are supported by the people in this endeavor because they get the benefit from the country because of the high purchasing power they have due to the exporting facilities. The supporters also find that they can control the government as long as the power is in their hands (Kirk, 2016). Due to these outcomes, the county has many opponents in the western world because they cannot dominate the market according to their terms. The opponents harm the supporters who are present in the other countries and see it as an advantage by controlling them. The western world saw that the migration of the Islamic people was checked except from the European countries, which constituted of a very less number of people. The majority were from the Middle East and the African continent who had trouble to venture out in the world. Most of the people who migrated were the Christians and the Jewish minorities, which were very few, and this made the Islamic community look down up on the western civilization (Goldschimdt Jr. Boum, 2015). The western civilization started to hate the Islamic people after the terrorist attacks of 11th September, 2001 incident and the frequency increased after that with respect to notoriety after this incident. This made the western countries involve in indirect wars with Afghanistan and Iraq. The Islamic group in United Kingdom also had to face the wrath due to these repeated incidents in that country as well. Religion and cultural politics in all the regions caused a major trouble between the western worlds and the Islamic communities. An example would be the recent case in the Swiss parliament where the government enforced a ban on the minaret construction. It was seen that 22 out of 26 voters in the Parliament voted in favor of the ban (Ismael, Ismael Perry, 2015). The majority of the population in the Muslim dominated countries identified that the western societies should start showing respect to the Islamic community. The western societies need to stay away from humiliating the re ligious book of the Islamic people and the religious symbols that they follow. The western community needs to show respect to the Islam community and protect the rights of the religious minorities. They needs to portray to the media that they would stay equal partners in the issues of mutual interest (Ahmed, 2014). Many new atrocities have been bought to light regarding the ban of the headscarves in the public places, as the government of that place does not want any social outrage in the state. This ban of headscarves has led to an outrage by the Islamic people residing in those places, which created huge uproar. The ban is maintained in the Middle Eastern countries as majority of the people are all Islamic and the government has to comply with the rules that will make the people content. The opponents in abroad are treating the Islamic people with hatred in the recent times as well and the governments of those countries are supporting the people (Halpern, 2015). Reference List Ahmed, L. (2014).A quiet revolution: The veil's resurgence, from the Middle East to America. Yale University Press. Goldschmidt Jr, A., Boum, A. (2015).A concise history of the Middle East. Westview Press. Halliday, F. (2005).The Middle East in international relations: power, politics and ideology(Vol. 4). Cambridge University Press. Halpern, M. (2015).Politics of Social Change: In the Middle East and North Africa. Princeton University Press. Ismael, J. S., Ismael, T. Y., Perry, G. (2015).Government and politics of the contemporary Middle East: Continuity and change. Routledge. Kirk, G. E. (2016).A short history of the Middle East: from the rise of Islam to modern times. Routledge.